Novel extremophile-inspired radioprotectants

Project Summary
Over 60% of cancer patients undergo radiation therapy during their disease process, which frequently leads
to injury to surrounding healthy tissue and results in complications such as oral mucositis and proctitis. This
normal tissue injury can cause severe morbidity and treatment discontinuation, resulting in potentially inferior
tumor control. Attempts to reduce these side effects include systemic radioprotectants, tissue spacing technolo-
gies, and radiation techniques, yet these methods are fraught with limitations like selectivity, severe hypotension,
issues with spacer placement, and infection. As a result, there is a pressing need for innovative methods for
effective radiation protection.
To address this need, we propose to develop clinically deliverable RNA strategies for radiation protection,
which facilitates the cell-specific targeted delivery of nucleic acids, enables sustained expression of extremophilic
proteins for enhanced radioprotective capabilities, and ensures the therapy can be effectively and safely admin-
istered into tissues. Our work aims to lay the groundwork for the use of nucleic acid-based therapies for radiation
protection. By leveraging the protective qualities of extremophile proteins and developing new delivery methods,
we aspire to reduce the impact of radiation-induced injuries, thereby enhancing patient outcomes and quality of
life.

Grant Number: 1DP2CA301081-01
NIH Institute/Center: NIH
Principal Investigator: James Byrne