Decoding the mechanism of toxicity of soft lignin nanoparticles to bacteria cells: an interplay between the nanoparticle properties and the characteristics of the cell surface

Lignin is a natural substance found in plants and wood. Recently, researchers have explored ways to change lignin into very small particles known as lignin nanoparticles. These nanoparticles have promising applications. They can be used to create food packaging that fights bacteria. They can also be used as wound dressings that help prevent…